
Джокер (JOKER)
Один из самых известных преступников в Готэм-сити похожий на клоуна.
БИОГРАФИЯ
The Joker is a supervillain
and the archenemy of Batman.
He was first introduced in Batman #1 (Spring
1940) and has remained consistently popular. The Joker is a master criminal
with a clown-like appearance, and is considered one of the most infamous
criminals within Gotham City. Initially
portrayed as a violent sociopath who murders people for his own amusement, the
Joker later in the 1940s began to be written as a goofy trickster-thief. That
characterization continued through the late-1950s and 1960s before the
character became again depicted as a vicious, calculating, psychopathic killer.
The Joker has been responsible for numerous tragedies in Batman's life,
including the paralysis of Barbara Gordon (Batgirl/Oracle),
and the murders of Jason Todd (the
second Robin)
and Jim Gordon's second
wife Sarah Essen.
He was also ranked eighth on the Greatest Comic Book
Character of All Time list, which was released by Empire (notably being the highest ranked villain
character on the list), as well as being the fifth Greatest Comic Book
Character Ever in Wizard Magazine's 200 Greatest Comic Book Characters of all
Time list, once again being the highest ranked villain on the list. Wizard
Magazine listed him the #1 villain of all time in 2006.
Interpretations of the Joker's appearance in other
media include Cesar Romero's in
the live-action Batman television series, Jack Nicholson's in
the Tim Burton Batman film, and Mark Hamill's in Batman: The
Animated Series, other DC Animated Universe shows and the Rocksteady
Arkham games. As played by Nicholson, The Joker ranks #45 in the American Film
Institute's list of the top 50 film villains of all time. In the 2008
film The Dark
Knight the role was played by Heath Ledger, who won a
posthumous Oscar for his performance. Cameron Monaghan played
variations on the character in the television series Gotham,
while Joaquin Phoenix played
the role in the 2019 film Joker, which
focuses on giving the character an origin story.
Publication History
Originally conceived as an evil
"court-jester" type, the character was initially rejected by studio
writer Bill Finger as
being "too clownish," but he later relayed the idea to Bob Kane. Kane, who
started out as a gag artist, loved the concept and encouraged its production.
Finger found a photograph of actor Conrad Veidt wearing make-up for the silent
film The Man Who Laughs, and it was from this photograph
that the Joker was modeled. This influence was referenced in the graphic
novel Batman: The
Man Who Laughs, a retelling of the first Joker story from 1940.
In his initial dozen or so appearances,
starting with Batman #1 (1940), the Joker
was a straightforward spree killer/mass murderer, with a bizarre appearance
modeled after the symbol of the Joker known from playing cards. It is of note
that in his second appearance he was actually slated to be killed off, with the
final page detailing the villain accidentally stabbing himself, lying dead as
Batman and Robin run off into the night. DC editor Whitney
Ellsworth thought the Joker was too good a character to kill off, suggesting
that he be spared. A hastily drawn panel, calculated to imply that the Joker
was still alive, was subsequently added to the comic.
For the next several appearances, the Joker often
escaped capture but suffered an apparent death (falling off a cliff, being
caught in a burning building, etc.), from which his body was not recovered. In
these first dozen adventures, the Joker killed close to three dozen people,
impressive for a villain who didn't use giant robots, mutant monsters, or space
lasers, as was the status quo between 1940 until around 1942. Ironically, the
turning point came in "Joker Walks the Last Mile" (Detective Comics #64), when the Joker was actually
executed in the electric chair only to be chemically revived by henchmen.
While the Joker was back, he was decidedly less deadly
than previous engagements. At this point, the editors decided that only
one-shot villains should commit murder, so as to not make Batman look impotent
in his inability to punish such recurring foes as the Joker or the Penguin.
As the Batman comics softened their tone, the Joker shifted towards a harmless,
cackling nuisance. He quickly became the most popular villain and was used
frequently during the Golden Age of Comic Books. The use of the character
lessened somewhat by the late 1950s, and disappeared almost entirely when Julius Schwartz took
over editorship of the Batman comics in 1964.
In 1973, the character was revived and profoundly
revised in the Batman comic stories by Dennis O'Neil and Neal Adams. Beginning
in Batman #251, with the story "The Joker's Five
Way Revenge", the Joker becomes a homicidal maniac who casually murders
people on a whim, while enjoying battles of wits with Batman. This take on the
character has taken prominence since. Steve Englehart,
in his short but well-received run on the book, added elements deepening the
severity of the Joker's insanity.
Joker even had his own nine-issue
series from 1975 to 1976 in which he faces off against
a variety of foes, both superheroes and supervillains. This was a major change
as he was now the protagonist and in every issue, he was always apprehended and
never killed anyone, due to writers telling series creator Dennis O'Neil to
make these changes. However, the development of the Joker as a sociopath
continued with the issues "A Death in the Family" (in which readers
voted for the character to kill off Jason Todd) and The Killing Joke in
1988, redefining the character for DC's Modern Age after the company wide
reboot following Crisis on
Infinite Earths.
A major addition to the character was the introduction
of the character Harley Quinn. Originally
introduced in Batman: The
Animated Series, Quinn is a clinical psychiatrist who falls
hopelessly in love with the Joker in Arkham Asylum after
he relays his tale of having an abusive father and a runaway mother, and now
serves as his loyal, if daffy, sidekick, costumed in a skintight harlequin
suit. Their relationship often resembles that of an abusive domestic
relationship, with the Joker insulting, hurting, or even attempting to kill
Quinn, who remains undaunted in her devotion. She was popular enough to be
integrated into the comics in 1999 and a modified version of the character
(less goofy, but still criminally insane and utterly committed to the Joker)
was also featured on the short-lived live-action TV series Birds of Prey.
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Имя неизвестно |
Рост: 183 см. |
Вес: 73 кг. |
Пол: Мужской |
Глаза: Зеленые |
Волосы: Зеленые |
Возраст неизветсен |
Команда: Нет |
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